sp. zn. 8 Tdo 636\/2023<\/a>) soud \u0159e\u0161il p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy se \u0159idi\u010d pokusil najet vozidlem na zasahuj\u00edc\u00ed str\u00e1\u017en\u00edky v are\u00e1lu soukrom\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\nPr\u00e1vn\u00ed postaven\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e9 policie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
M\u011bstsk\u00e1 (obecn\u00ed) policie je org\u00e1nem obce, kter\u00fd je z\u0159izov\u00e1n v jej\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti. Jej\u00edm hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem je zabezpe\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho po\u0159\u00e1dku. P\u0159esto\u017ee je z\u0159izov\u00e1na v samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti obce, pln\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdslovn\u00e9ho zmocn\u011bn\u00ed ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch z\u00e1konech i dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly, a to v\u010detn\u011b \u00fakol\u016f v p\u0159enesen\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti obce. Vzhledem k rozsahu sv\u00fdch pravomoc\u00ed a povinnost\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje m\u011bstsk\u00e1 policie org\u00e1n ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 moci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kde m\u016f\u017ee m\u011bstsk\u00e1 policie p\u016fsobit?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
P\u016fsobnost obecn\u00ed policie je vymezena \u00fazem\u00edm obce, kter\u00e9 je definov\u00e1no jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016f tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00ed celek vymezen\u00fd hranic\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed obce. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci mohou vykon\u00e1vat sv\u00e9 pravomoci na cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed obce, nikoliv pouze na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostranstv\u00edch. Na \u00fazem\u00ed jin\u00e9 obce m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fsobit pouze v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy byla mezi obcemi uzav\u0159ena ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed smlouva o takov\u00e9m vyu\u017eit\u00ed obecn\u00ed policie, a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pouze v p\u0159echodn\u00fdch situac\u00edch (pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pachatele nebo nap\u0159. mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed ke vstupu na soukrom\u00e9 pozemky str\u00e1\u017en\u00edky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee k poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho po\u0159\u00e1dku nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed pouze na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostranstv\u00edch. Proto z\u00e1kon o obecn\u00ed policii umo\u017e\u0148uje str\u00e1\u017en\u00edk\u016fm vstupovat na v\u0161echny pozemky na \u00fazemn\u00ed obce, v\u010detn\u011b soukrom\u00fdch, pokud pln\u00ed \u00fakoly podle z\u00e1kona \u010d. 553\/1991 Sb., o obecn\u00ed policii nebo podle zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je-li d\u016fvodn\u00e1 obava, \u017ee je ohro\u017een \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed osoby anebo hroz\u00ed-li v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161koda na majetku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fvodem pro vstup na soukrom\u00fd pozemek m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v krajn\u00ed nouzi, kter\u00e9 vylu\u010duje trestn\u00ed, spr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u010di ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad z praxe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u0159e\u0161en\u00e9m Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm soudem str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci vstoupili do are\u00e1lu soukrom\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pot\u00e9, co je man\u017eelka obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho informovala, \u017ee jej\u00ed man\u017eel je pod vlivem alkoholu a chce odjet vozidlem. Soud potvrdil opr\u00e1vn\u011bnost jejich vstupu na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u00a7 16 odst. 1 z\u00e1kona o obecn\u00ed policii, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje vstup na soukrom\u00fd pozemek v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b d\u016fvodn\u00e9 obavy o ohro\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota, zdrav\u00ed nebo hrozby v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161kody na majetku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Oproti tomu lze dodat, \u017ee p\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159estupku ru\u0161en\u00ed no\u010dn\u00edho klidu podle z\u00e1kona \u010d. 251\/2016 Sb. obvykle nevyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 situaci, kter\u00e1 by d\u00e1vala d\u016fvod k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm obav\u00e1m o \u017eivot nebo zdrav\u00ed. Proto p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto p\u0159estupku str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci nejprve po\u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed o prok\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed toto\u017enosti a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se mohou rozhodnout, zda p\u0159estupek vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na m\u00edst\u011b, nebo ho p\u0159edaj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00edmu org\u00e1nu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zachov\u00e1n\u00ed statusu \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed osoby<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011brem soudu bylo potvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci po\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ochrany \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed osoby i p\u0159i z\u00e1sahu na soukrom\u00e9m pozemku, pokud jednaj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci sv\u00fdch z\u00e1konn\u00fdch opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed. Tento status jim tak za p\u0159edpokladu nevybo\u010den\u00ed z po\u017eadavku na opr\u00e1vn\u011bnost z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zachov\u00e1n i mimo ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 prostranstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nZ aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed judikatury i pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fapravy jasn\u011b vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci m\u011bstsk\u00e9 policie mohou vstupovat na soukrom\u00e9 pozemky, pokud k tomu maj\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00fd d\u016fvod. Toto opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed neomezen\u00e9 – mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy podlo\u017eeno pln\u011bn\u00edm z\u00e1konn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f nebo existenc\u00ed d\u016fvodn\u00e9 obavy o ohro\u017een\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f. P\u0159i spln\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto podm\u00ednek po\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci pln\u00e9 ochrany \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed osoby, co\u017e je nezbytn\u00e9 pro \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho po\u0159\u00e1dku a bezpe\u010dnosti v obci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mohou str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci m\u011bstsk\u00e9 policie vstupovat na soukrom\u00e9 pozemky? P\u0159edstavme si b\u011b\u017enou situaci: na dvo\u0159e rodinn\u00e9ho domu prob\u00edh\u00e1 hlu\u010dn\u00e1 p\u00e1rty dlouho do noci. Soused\u00e9 zavolaj\u00ed m\u011bstskou policii kv\u016fli ru\u0161en\u00ed no\u010dn\u00edho klidu. Str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci p\u0159ijedou na m\u00edsto, ale stoj\u00ed p\u0159ed uzav\u0159enou br\u00e1nou na soukrom\u00fd pozemek. Jsou opr\u00e1vn\u011bni vstoupit dovnit\u0159? Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu v t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce p\u0159ineslo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bry. V usnesen\u00ed ze dne 19. \u010dervence 2023 (sp. zn. 8 Tdo 636\/2023) soud \u0159e\u0161il p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy se \u0159idi\u010d pokusil najet vozidlem na zasahuj\u00edc\u00ed str\u00e1\u017en\u00edky v are\u00e1lu soukrom\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed postaven\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e9 policie M\u011bstsk\u00e1 (obecn\u00ed) policie je org\u00e1nem obce, kter\u00fd je z\u0159izov\u00e1n v jej\u00ed<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1004,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spravni-pravo"],"yoast_head":"\n
M\u016f\u017ee str\u00e1\u017en\u00edk m\u011bstsk\u00e9 policie vstoupit na soukrom\u00fd pozemek? - HW LEGAL Advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Brno<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mohou str\u00e1\u017en\u00edci m\u011bstsk\u00e9 policie vstupovat na soukrom\u00e9 pozemky? 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