{"id":1090,"date":"2026-04-10T10:18:27","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T10:18:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hwlegal.cz\/?p=1090"},"modified":"2026-04-10T10:22:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T10:22:56","slug":"tvrzeni-proti-tvrzeni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hwlegal.cz\/en\/tvrzeni-proti-tvrzeni\/","title":{"rendered":"Tvrzen\u00ed proti tvrzen\u00ed (ohledn\u011b zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Many criminal offences go unreported because the victim believes that, in a \u201cone person\u2019s word against another\u2019s\u201d situation, the Police will remain inactive. But what is the reality? Can the Police of the Czech Republic truly dismiss a case on the grounds that a sole allegation is not supported by other evidence?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">This typically concerns the criminal offence of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kurzy.cz\/zakony\/40-2009-trestni-zakonik\/paragraf-185\/\" target=\"_self\">rape<\/a>. It often occurs in conjunction with so-called domestic violence (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kurzy.cz\/zakony\/40-2009-trestni-zakonik\/paragraf-199\/\" target=\"_self\">abuse of a person living in a shared household<\/a>). These offences are usually difficult to prove, as they take place \u201cbehind closed doors\u201d. The victim therefore often reports the crime to the Police without presenting any additional evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many victims of these offences fear that the Police will not believe their testimony, or may even trivialize the matter and dismiss the case. But what is the reality?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Police cannot simply conclude that it is a case of \u201cone person\u2019s word against another\u2019s\u201d and dismiss it. If the victim (the reporting party) raises \u201carguable claims\u201d, the state (the Police of the Czech Republic) is under an obligation to conduct an effective investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\"><strong>What is an \u201carguable claim\u201d?<\/strong> It is a statement by a potential victim that is sufficiently specific, consistent over time (the account does not change), temporally and spatially plausible, and credible. In other words, it makes sense and the alleged act could realistically have occurred. The victim is not required to present evidence in support of it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\"><strong>What is an effective investigation?<\/strong> The Police must carry out a thorough and adequate examination of arguable claims. They must establish the facts to the greatest extent possible and obtain all available evidence for that purpose. Such evidence must be assessed with particular care. The victim\u2019s testimony must not be taken lightly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Tip:<\/strong> Did you know that if you have reported the criminal offence of rape or abuse, you have the right to an effective investigation? If the Police have dismissed your case without sufficient reasoning, you can challenge this. The injured party may file a complaint against the decision to dismiss the case within 3 days of its notification. It is also possible to request a review of the procedure of the police authority or the public prosecutor. Finally, a constitutional complaint may also be filed.  <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Recent case law of the Constitutional Court &nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The Constitutional Court <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usoud.cz\/aktualne\/hajitelna-tvrzeni-o-znasilneni-a-tyrani-ze-strany-manzela-v-situaci-tvrzeni-proti-tvrzeni\" target=\"_self\">recently intervened<\/a> in a case where the victim had been facing long-term domestic violence by her partner. The alleged domestic violence also included rape. The victim reported the matter to the Police of the Czech Republic, which, however, dismissed it on the grounds of a lack of evidence \u2013 typically treating it as a \u201cone person\u2019s word against another\u2019s\u201d situation. A subsequent review by the public prosecutor did not lead to any change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u017e \u00dastavn\u00ed soud dal po\u0161kozen\u00e9 za pravdu a zd\u016fraznil z\u00e1sadn\u00ed princip: pokud ob\u011b\u0165 p\u0159ednese tzv. <strong>h\u00e1jiteln\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed<\/strong> (tedy konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed, v\u011brohodn\u00e9 a re\u00e1ln\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9), vznik\u00e1 st\u00e1tu povinnost zajistit <strong>\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>. Org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nemohou v\u011bc jednodu\u0161e odlo\u017eit pro \u201enedostatek d\u016fkaz\u016f\u201c, ale mus\u00ed aktivn\u011b zji\u0161\u0165ovat skutkov\u00fd stav, dopl\u0148ovat dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed a sv\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry jasn\u011b a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b od\u016fvodnit. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What evidence could the Police have secured? In the specific ruling, the Constitutional Court mentions, for example, an expert assessment of the victim or the suspect. Based on our practice, we add that rape and domestic violence are often proven through additional indirect evidence (such as witness statements from persons to whom the victim confided or who observed changes in their behaviour; electronic communication between the victim and the perpetrator or acquaintances in which the criminal conduct is mentioned; medical reports concerning accompanying injuries, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Victims have the right to a thorough and effective investigation, not merely a formal review. If state authorities fail to respect this right, it is possible to seek redress \u2013 including by filing a constitutional complaint with the Constitutional Court. This ruling of the Constitutional Court sends a clear signal to all victims: even in \u201cone person\u2019s word against another\u2019s\u201d cases, where you do not have extensive evidence of the crime, it is worthwhile to defend yourself and insist on your rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Our law firm provides legal assistance to victims, as well as defence in criminal proceedings. Do not hesitate to contact us \u2013 we will be happy to discuss your options and the next steps with you.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spousta trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f nen\u00ed nahl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e1, proto\u017ee se po\u0161kozen\u00fd domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee v&nbsp;situaci \u201etvrzen\u00ed proti tvrzen\u00ed\u201c Policie bude ne\u010dinn\u00e1. Jak tomu je ale ve skute\u010dnosti? Opravdu m\u016f\u017ee Policie \u010cR odlo\u017eit v\u011bc s&nbsp;t\u00edm, \u017ee osamocen\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed nen\u00ed podpo\u0159en\u00e9 jin\u00fdmi d\u016fkazy? \u0158e\u010d je typicky o trestn\u00e9m \u010dinu zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed. Ten se \u010dasto objevuje v&nbsp;soub\u011bhu s&nbsp;tzv. dom\u00e1c\u00edm n\u00e1sil\u00edm (t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed osoby \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m obydl\u00ed). Tyto trestn\u00e9 \u010diny se v\u011bt\u0161inou t\u011b\u017eko prokazuj\u00ed, nebo\u0165 k&nbsp;nim doch\u00e1z\u00ed \u201eza zav\u0159en\u00fdmi dve\u0159mi\u201c. Ob\u011b\u0165 tak v\u011bt\u0161inou oznamuje trestn\u00fd \u010din Policii, ani\u017e by p\u0159edlo\u017eila jak\u00fdkoli dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fkaz. Mnoho ob\u011bt\u00ed t\u011bchto trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f se ob\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee Policie jejich v\u00fdpov\u011bdi neuv\u011b\u0159\u00ed, nebo dokonce bude celou<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1091,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-trestni-pravo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tvrzen\u00ed proti tvrzen\u00ed (ohledn\u011b zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed) - HW LEGAL Advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Brno<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pr\u00e1vo ob\u011bti na \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed: \u00dastavn\u00ed soud k p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed a dom\u00e1c\u00edho n\u00e1sil\u00ed a povinnostem Policie.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hwlegal.cz\/en\/tvrzeni-proti-tvrzeni\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tvrzen\u00ed proti tvrzen\u00ed (ohledn\u011b zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed) - 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